![]() ![]() Flap = tongue tapping alveolar briefly, e.g.in the middle of “Oh oh” or Cockney speech Glottal stop = represented as, when the glottis is briefly completely closed, e.g.Glides = involving tongue moving forward, e.g.Liquids = – “lateral liquid”, air flows around tongue as it points at mid alveolar ridge – tongue tip raised and curled back near the ridge. ![]() raised velum blocks nasal air flow except if lowered Affrictives = combine brief stop with obstructed release, e.g.Frictives = blocking and pushing through air stream, e.g.Stops = by briefly stopping air stream, e.g.voiceless sounds are produced with an open glottis – space between vocal folds). Glottals = produced without active use of mouth, i.e.Velars = tongue against the soft palate (velum), e.g.Palatals = produced with the tongue and hard palate, e.g.Alveolar = tongue tip at alveolar ridge, e.g.Labiodentals = upper teeth and lower lips, e.g.Bilabials = (bi/both + labia/lips) e.g.,, when they are drawn together, vibrating as air passes between ,, when they are open and air passes unimpeded Articulatory phonetics = how speech sounds are made.Phonetics = characteristics of speech sounds.Editorial notes: The content below is Shai’s summary of “The Study of Language” (4th Edition) by George Yule. ![]()
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